Screen readers convert visual content to audio. Design with them in mind.
How screen readers work:
- Read content linearly
- Announce element types (button, link, heading)
- Navigate by landmarks and headings
- Read alt text for images
Best practices:
- Provide alt text for meaningful images
- Use heading hierarchy (h1, h2, h3)
- Label form inputs
- Announce dynamic changes with aria-live
Testing: Use VoiceOver (Mac), NVDA (Windows), or browser extensions.