Multi-region distributes your application across geographic regions for disaster recovery and lower global latency.
Active-passive: Primary handles traffic. Secondary synchronized for failover.
Active-active: Both regions serve traffic. Complex but maximizes resources.
Data challenges:
- Cross-region replication adds latency
- Eventual vs strong consistency
- Conflict resolution for simultaneous writes
Routing options:
- Route geolocation
- Global Accelerator
- CloudFront edge caching
Multi-region multiplies complexity. Only implement when requirements justify the cost.