An IPv4 address is a -bit number written as four octets in dotted decimal notation. Each octet ranges from to . For example, represents four -bit values separated by dots. The bits give you possible addresses, roughly billion. That seemed like plenty in the , but the internet's growth proved otherwise.
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$ curl repovive.com/roadmaps/network-design/ip-addressing-and-subnetting/ipv4-address-structure
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