Public IP addresses are globally unique and routable on the internet. You get them from your ISP. Private addresses are for internal use only. When your laptop with accesses the internet, NAT translates it to your public IP. If you accidentally assign public addresses to internal devices, traffic may route incorrectly or not at all. Always use RFC 1918 ranges internally.
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$ curl repovive.com/roadmaps/network-design/ip-addressing-and-subnetting/public-vs-private-addressing
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