Nslookup and dig query DNS servers directly. They help you diagnose name resolution problems.
Nslookup usage:
nslookup google.com
nslookup google.com 8.8.8.8
nslookup -type=MX company.com
Dig usage (more detailed):
dig google.com
dig @8.8.8.8 google.com
dig google.com +trace
What to check:
- Does your DNS server respond?
- Does it return the expected IP address?
- Does a public DNS server give different results?
Server not responding means DNS server down. NXDOMAIN means name does not exist.