WPA replaces the -way handshake with SAE (Simultaneous Authentication of Equals). SAE prevents offline dictionary attacks because each authentication attempt requires interaction with the access point. Even if attackers capture the handshake, they cannot test passwords offline. WPA also provides forward secrecy. If someone cracks your password later, they cannot decrypt traffic they previously recorded. For public networks, WPA offers OWE (Opportunistic Wireless Encryption).
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$ curl repovive.com/roadmaps/network-design/wireless-networking/wpa3-improvements
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