Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) replaces VPNs for application access. Traditional VPNs put authenticated users on the network. ZTNA never puts users on the network at all. You connect to specific applications, not network segments.
A ZTNA broker sits between users and applications. You authenticate to the broker, which verifies your identity and device posture. The broker then proxies connections to authorized applications. Users never see IP addresses or network paths. Applications stay invisible to unauthorized users.