Input Validator - Algorithm

Here's your approach for input validation:

$1.$ Write a validate function that checks multiple conditions.

$2.$ Throw invalid_argument if format is wrong.

$3.$ Throw out_of_range if value exceeds limits.

$4.$ Return normally if all checks pass.

$5.$ In main, wrap validation in a try block.

$6.$ Add catch blocks in order: out_of_range first, then invalid_argument, then exception as fallback.

$7.$ Each catch handles its error type differently, providing appropriate feedback.