Binary to Decimal Conversion

To convert binary to decimal, multiply each digit by its position value (power of 2) and sum the results.

Example: Convert $11010_2$ to decimal. From right to left, positions are $2^0, 2^1, 2^2, 2^3, 2^4$ which equal $1, 2, 4, 8, 16$. So $11010_2 = 0(1) + 1(2) + 0(4) + 1(8) + 1(16) = 26_{10}$.

A quick trick: memorize powers of 2 up to $2^{10} = 1024$. Then you can read binary at a glance. $10000000_2$ is $128$. $11111111_2$ is $255$. You will use these values constantly in programming.