Probability measures how likely something is to happen. In computer science, you use it to analyze randomized algorithms, predict hash collisions, estimate cache hit rates, and understand expected running time.
In this section, I will teach you the core probability rules through small steps and practice. You will learn sample spaces, events, the addition and multiplication rules, independence, and expected value.
By the end, you will calculate probabilities for dice rolls, card draws, and randomized algorithm outcomes with confidence.