Prerequisites

What you need first

You need strong recursion skills. DP optimizes recursive solutions by storing subproblem results to avoid redundant computation. Start by writing the pure recursive solution first, then add memoization (top-down) or convert to tabulation (bottom-up).

The key is identifying three things: (1) what state uniquely defines each subproblem, (2) the recurrence relation showing how subproblems depend on each other, (3) base cases. Practice Fibonacci with memoization first.